The government has defended new taxes and statutory contributions as a necessary “bitter pill” to tackle Kenya’s debt crisis, achieve financial self-reliance and fund grassroots development. The measures, including the housing levy, Digital Asset Tax, VAT on petroleum products and higher NSSF contributions, are intended to broaden the tax base and strengthen enforcement. With the administration approaching its fourth anniversary on September 13, officials insist the measures target tax cheats and wealthy individuals while ensuring all Kenyans contribute their fair share.