The curtains have fallen on the Africa Forward Summit, with Presidents Emmanuel Macron and William Ruto commanding headlines, handshakes and promises of renewed partnership.

Yet Africa has learned, often painfully, that glossy declarations do not always translate into dignity, fairness or shared prosperity.

For too long, global powers — whether from the West or the East — have approached Africa primarily as a source of raw materials, cheap labour and strategic influence.

The continent’s minerals, oil, agricultural wealth and youthful population have enriched others while millions of Africans remain trapped in poverty. This unequal relationship must end.

France, in particular, carries the burden of a troubled history with many of its former colonies. If this summit is to mark a genuine turning point, then respect, transparency and mutual benefit must replace paternalism and exploitation.

Africa must also take responsibility for its future.

Kenya and the continent cannot continue exporting raw materials while importing expensive finished products.

Value addition, industrialisation and intra-African trade are the true paths to economic freedom and lasting respect on the global stage.

I was taught to strive not because there were any guarantees of success but because the act of striving is in itself the only way to keep faith with life.

Madeleine Albright

The American diplomat and political scientist was born on May 15, 1937